Burn treatment filling for pressure packaged dispenser



United States Patent BURN TREATMENT FILLING FOR PRESSURE PACKAGED DISPENSER Frank Kipnis, Decatur, I11., assignor to Lincoln Laboratories, Inc., Decatur, I11., a corporation of Indiana No Drawing. Application April 9, 1953, Serial No. 347,851

2 Claims. (Cl. 167-58) practically every case is an emergency requiring immediate treatment which has to be followed up in the physicians ofiice or hospital by more extensive treatment. Suitable preparations for the emergency treatment of burns should therefore be immediately usable in such a way as to provide a'protective coating over the burn area inhibiting bacterial invasion and also provide immediate relief from pain. It is also a desirable requirement of a formulation for the treatment of burns that it be useful both as an emergency treatment preparation and also by the physician for subsequent care of the burn area.

The present invention is directed to a formulation which not only fulfills the requirements of a preparation for the emergency treatment of burns but also is fully satisfactory and effective for the continuing treatment of burns during all stages of therapy.

A particularly desirable feature of my formulations is that they are adapted to be dispensed by a propellant from pressure packaged dispensers.

The satisfactory treatment of burns has been a problem of the medical profession which has long gone unsolved. That this is the case is borne out by the fact that even at this late date there is no universal agreement by the profession as to the superiorityof any one particular burn treatment. Within the space of only a few years there have been a number of burn treatment techniques which have enjoyed short periods of favor and prominence only to be discarded when more extended experience brought out their various defects. Thus, the escharotic agents such as tannic acid and silver nitrate went through a short period of popularity but are little used today because of their tendency to cause infection under the eschar, and marked scarring and contracture deformities often resulted. The use of protective coatings of petrolatum with padded pressure dressings has been in and out of favor several times and is now regarded as one of the accepted methods of burn treatment by the profession.

Still another technique or method of treatment is the so-called open or exposed treatment involving the use of adequate doses of morphine to control pain and the administration of adequate intravenous plasma.

The foregoing shows the lack of any substantial progress in the treatment of burns even though practically all other phases of medicine have advanced with steady to even dramatic strides. The problem of a satisfactory burn treatment is even more critical at this time because experience has shown that burns account for one of the largest percentages of cases requiring medical attention as the result of atomic bomb explosions. In addition, the increasing use in warfare of flame throwers and incendiary bombs has greatly increased and magnified the 2,801,201 7 Patented July 30, 1957 ice problems of burn treatment for the medical services of the armed forces.

There are several requirements which burn treatment formulation must meet in order to be wholly acceptable. It must be conveniently and speedily applied without handling the wound, it must cover smoothly and completely, it must have a topical anesthetic action, it should be bacteriostatic, bactericidal and fungicidal,-it must be easily removed when necessary, and it should minimize as much as possible the need for further treatment. The formulations comprehended by the present invention have been successfully tested clinically under a sufficiently wide variety of conditions and on a sufliciently wide number of cases so as to show that it satisfactorily meets all of the foregoing requirements.

The object of the present invention is an improved formulation for the treatment of burns which satisfactorily meets and exhibits all of the requirements which are necessary and desirable'for a satisfactory burn treatment composition and which is particularly suitable for being dispensed from pressure packaged dispensers so that it may be quickly and safely used even by the inexperienced and eliminates physical handling and contact of the wound or burn thereby minimizing pain and the possibility of infection.

Certain more specific objects of the invention will, in part, be obvious and will, in part, appear hereinafter.

For a more complete understanding of the nature and scope of the invention, reference may now be had to the following detailed description thereof wherein a presently preferred embodiment thereof is set forth in detail and a number of modifications therein are suggested which fall within the scope of the invention.

Example 1 A solution is prepared having the following formulation: Grams Tyrothricin l p-Chloro-m-xylenol 20 Hyamine 1622 (para diisobutyl-phenoxyethoxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride monohydrate) 2 Ethyl p-aminobenzoate 4O Polyethylene glycol 400, q. s 2250 77 grams of the foregoing solution and 8 grams of a paste consisting of hexadienol (also referred to as hexenol or hexadenol), which is a mixture of tetracosanes and oxidation products thereof, are introduced into a pressure packaged dispenser of known type along with grams or more of a suitable propellant such as a mixture of 35 parts of Freon-11 (trichloromonofluoromethane) and 65 parts of Freon-12 (dichlorodifiuoromethane) or similar propellants either alone or as mixtures. The pressure pack is capped with a suitable valve' The present invention is not concerned with the details of construction of the pressure packaged dispenser itself. There are a number of commercial makes of such dispensers on the market and any one of these may be loaded with the compositions of the present invention. Suitable dispensers of this type are disclosed, for example, in Rotheim Patent No. 1,892,750, dated January 3, 1933, and in Roehr Patent No. 2,440,915, dated May 4, 1948.

The pressure packaged dispenser is a particularly advantageous device for dispersing the foregoing formulation comprising the solution and the hexadienol paste since the hexadienol does not dissolve completely in the solution and it would be difficult to handle this mixture in another way so as to obtain a comparable uniformity of dispersion. While the hexadienol paste is not completely soluble in the charge introduced into the pressure packaged dispensers, it has been found that the aerosol or col- 1 loidal mist which is dispersed from such a dispenser contains a uniform and constant ratio or proportion of the hexadienol in intimate and uniform dispersion with the solution. The pressure packaged dispenser is a particularly desirable mechanism for applying the formulation since it is always ready for instant use and is fool-proof in the sense that there is no need to handle the burn or wound directly and there is no danger of applying too much of the medicament on the wound. Accordingly, it will be seen that this formulation is especially adapted for use in emergencies since it can be applied by even the most inexperienced person without any danger of mishandling or misuse.

In addition to the therapeutic properties and benefits provided by the formulation, the application thereof in the form of an aerosol is inherently advantageous in that the'aerosol will be cooled materially due to the rapid expansion of the gases after leaving the pressure packaged dispenser resulting in a desirable cooling and pain-relieving effect at the wound or burn area.

While the formulation set forth aboveunder Example 1 is a presently preferred formulation, the proportions of the ingredients therein specified may be varied somewhat as long as they remain in approximately the same proportions and the individual components may be replaced by corresponding amounts of equivalent ingredients as follows:

Tyrothricin is an antibiotic and is useful in the foregoing formulation by reason of its solubility and stability in the particular system. It could be replaced satisfactorily with bacitracin, neomycin, terramycin and aureomycin in approximately the same amounts or concentration.

The p-chloro-m-xylenol possesses germicidal and fungicidal properties and is an excellent local antiseptic. It is essentially atoxic even by oral ingestion and it is a preferred component for this formulation. However, other local antiseptics could be used.

The Hyamine 1622 is a quaternary ammonium chloride type germicide and it can be replaced by other similar germicides such as Emulsept E607 (N lauroyl colamino formyl methyl pyridinium chloride), or Roccal (alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride).

The ethyl p-aminobenzoate serves as a topical anaesthetic and it may be replaced by an equivalent compound such as tetracaine or butacaine.

The polyethyleneglycol 400 serves as a solvent and skin emollient and prevents the skin from cracking. It also has mild antiseptic properties. This material can be replaced by polyethyleneglycol of other molecular weights or by a mixture of different molecular weights and viscosities.

Hexadienol may be replaced by materials possessing similar properties such as the silicones (organo-silicon oxide polymers) having viscosities in the range of 50 to 200,000 centistokes.

It will be understood that the formulations may be loaded into pressure packaged dispensers of different capacities depending upon the particular requirements. Thus, the formulations may be loaded into one fluid ounce capacity dispensers for small sized first-aid kits or they may be introduced into much larger capacity dispensers for use in industrial first-aid rooms.

Having fully described my invention and illustrated embodiments thereof, what I claim as new is:

1. A burn treatment filling for a pressure packaged dispenser comprising a volatile liquid dispersant containing substantially the following formulation in parts by weight:

2. A burn treatment filling for a pressure packaged dispenser comprising a volatile liquid dispersant containing substantially the following formulation in parts by weight:

Antibiotic selected from the group consisting of tyrothricin, bacitracin, neomycin, terramycin and aureomycin 1 Local antiseptic 2O Quaternary ammonium germicide 2 Topical anaesthetic selected from the group consisting of ethyl p-aminobenzoate, tetracaine and butacaine '40 Polyethylene glycol 2250 Hexadienol 240 References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Hamilton Sept. 6, 1949 OTHER REFERENCES I. A. M. A., Aug. 5, 1944, vol. 125, pp. 969-973, re,- print pp. 1-21, Local Treatment of Thermal Cutaneous Burns, esp. p. 15.

Lesser: Modern Burn Therapy, Drug and Cos. Ind., June 1951, pp. 732, 733, 812817'.

Choy et al.: New Local Treatment of Burns, U. S. Armed Forces Med. Joint, vol. 3, No. 9, Sept. 1952, pp. 1241-1255.

Unlisted Drugs: CTA Chlorophyll, Sept. 30, 1952, vol. 4, No. 9 page 126.

J. Am. Pharm. Assoc., Oct. 1940, Tannic Acid Jelly, page 367.

Whittet: A Review of Burn Treatment Preparations, Soap Perf. and Cos., Nov. 1944, pp. 821-823.

Vallance: Treatment of Burns, Mfg. Chemist, Oct. 1940, pages 258261. 

2. A BURN TREATMENT FILLING FOR A PRESSURE PACKAGED DISPENSER COMPRISING A VOLATILE LIQUD DISPERSANT CONTAINING SUBSTANTIALLY THE FOLLOWING FORMULATION IN PARTS BY WEIGHT: 